Mounce Chapter 5 Introduction to English
Nouns
John 1:1 (GTR) en arch hn o logoV kai o logoV hn proV ton qeon kai qeoV hn o logoV
In this Chapter we will learn the following:
Tom borrowed Fred's computer from Sue.
Subjective borrowed Possessive's Direct-Object from Indirect-Object.
Preview of coming Case Attractions (Chap 6 and 7)
In Greek Subjective is Nominative , Possessive is Genitive
Indirect-Object is
Dative and Direct-Object is Accusative
Number - plural or singular
Gender - Masculine, Femimine, or Neuter. He, She, or It.
In Greek nouns as well as pronouns have gender.
Lexical forms - in English Subjective Singular. . . him >>
he
- in Greek nouns are Nomative -Singular, Genitive
ending, Gender, Definition
For Example:
ajdelfovs, ou'
m brother; fellow believer
ajdelfhv, h'V
f sister; fellow believer
Indefinite Article. In English, the indefinite article is the
word "a." In the sentence, "A good student works every day on his Greek",
the article is indefinite because it does not identify any one particular
student. Greek does not have an indefinite article.
Definite Article In English, the definite article is the word
"the." In the sentence, "The student is going to pass," the definite
article is identifying one student in particular. Definite is definite,
indefinite is not.
Predicate Nominative The verb "to be" gives rise to a special
situation. (The verb "to be" has many forms: "am"; "are"; "was"; "were";
etc.) If you say, "It is I," the pronoun "i" is not receiving the action
of the verb. Rather, it is telling you something about the subject.
In grammarians' terminology, the pronoun "I" is "predicating" something
about the subject. Because it is not receiving the action of the verb
the pronoun cannot be a direct object. Rather, it is called a "predicate
nominative" and is put in the subjective case. It is incorrect English
to say, "It is me," regardless of current usage, because "me" is objective
while "I" is subjective.
The verb "to be" is followed by a predicate nominative,
never a direct object.
Declension In English, we make a word plural with great variation.
"Book" > "Books"; "Ox" >not "Oxs" or "Oxes" but "Oxen"; "Goose"
> "Gooses?" no but "Geese" In Greek there are patterns to making
the plurals and these patterns are called declensions. There are three
basic inflection patterns a word can follow. Simply called "First
Declension" "Second Declension", and "Third Declension"
. Not complicated.
Noun , Adjective modifies a noun, or another adjective,
Preposition shows a relationship between two other words,
Subject and Predicate A sentence can be broken down into two
parts, the subject of the verb and it's modifiers, and the predicate being
the rest of the sentence including verb, direct object, etc.
Introduction to Verbs The formal study of verbs has been deferred
until chapter 15. Only a few highly repetitive verbs are included in
the vocabulary.
Note however, that the ending of the cerb indicates person
and number. For example, the eiV ending
on tells you that the subject is "you." The
ei ending on gravfei tells you that
the subject is "he", "she", or "it." Thus, gravfeiV
means "you write," while gravfei means
"he/she/it writes." You must figure out the gender on your own by examining
the context.
Note then, that in Greek, the implied subject may be included
in the verb, and not be word in the sentence.
Example: a{nqrwpoV gravfei (he/she/it
writes) to; biblivon. A man writes
the book.
or
gravfei (he/she/it writes)
tov biblivon . He writes the book.
NO VOCABULARY FOR CHAPTER 5
ReStudy Chapter 4s
Lesson 5 pdf file by Dr Decker.
WORKSHEET REVIEW #1
Introduction: This review gives you the opportunity to evalusat your
performance to this point.
DEFINITIONS
1. What is a gamma nasal, and how is it pronounced?
2. What is a dipthong?
3. What is an improper diphthong?
4. Describe when an apostrophe is used.
EXERCISES
1. Write out the alphabeta.
2. How are the two sigmas used in one word?
3. Give an example of a smooth breathing mark and a rough breathing
mark.
4. Punctuation marks. Match the Greek punctuation mark with its function.
| A. , | _______ semi-colon |
| B. . | _______ question mark |
| C. ' (above line) | _______ comma |
| D. ; | _______ period |
5. Accents. Match the appropriate accent marks with their proper name.
| A. j | _______ circumflex |
| B jJ | _______ acute |
| C. \ | _______ grave |
5. Accents. Match the appropriate accent marks with their proper name.
6. How can an accent affect a translation?
7. Syllabification. Divide the following words into syllables.
a. didavskwn _________________________
b. diamarturovmenoV _________________________
g. a[nqrwpoV _________________________
d. levgonteV _________________________
e. bavllw _________________________
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